The researcher has chosen two subjects to help her identify the phonological differences between Malaysian Malay and Indonesian Malay: Noreen, a 20-year-old female from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and Vitria, a 20-year-old female from Jakarta, Indonesia.

Both women come from well-to-do families, and were born and raised in the capital cities of their respective countries, where the standard colloquial Malay is mostly spoken. Noreen speaks two main languages with her family at home, namely Bahasa Malaysia and English. Vitria, however, speaks only one language at home, which is Bahasa Indonesia.

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